Bitumen floor screed. It was commonly used to glue floor tiles in place and can be found in many buildings constructed before 2000. Bitumen floor screed

 
 It was commonly used to glue floor tiles in place and can be found in many buildings constructed before 2000Bitumen floor screed  Bitumen, polymer, silicate (mineral) were studied in terms of their cohesion with the substrate and their sealing ability, used in combination with different building materials—ceramics, concrete, lime-sand bricks and marl stone, the

Fixit Pidipoxy EC Dr. 2. bitumen and can be used in flat roofing sealed with bituminous roof covering. The main water supply to the house comes through front door way, up the hallway. Gripset C-Bed is a ready-to-use, slump- free and shrinkage compensated engineered screed for flooring. 5 Ltr. But, it can also contain asbestos and this is when you will need. For mastic asphalt, wood block and strip, and some textile floor coverings, a non-slip finish is appropriate, while thin sheet and tile floor coverings usually require a smoother, steel trowelled surface. 5 ratio of cement to sharp sand. This has left a black bitumenous residue on the concrete screed and I'm concerned about tiling onto it. . The primer provides a key, and seals any porous surfaces that the bitumen products need to adhere to and can be applied to most of surfaces including concrete, brick work, metal materials and existing bitumen surfaces. So, it is often poured over uneven or rough concrete. Greetings from afar! So solution is. 24 Oct 2014. Blistering is osmotic — a coated surface continually exposed to water or high humidity is most likely to show blistering. Flooring Components – Top coat; Flooring Components – Wear Course; Floor Components – Base Coat;. then a liquid membrane goes over this called ardex dpm 1c. Cannot be ingested by animals. Country. Screed has three meanings in building construction: . Concrete floor with bitumen paint – more bitumen or seal . £14 per m2. Rigid polyurethane foam (PUR/PIR) is a thermosetting plastic and does not melt under the effects of fire. Three choices for successful screed selection in commercial paving. Screed Weight. The bitumen is less than a millimetre thick - painted on by all accounts. Bonded or Un-bonded. 3. C-Bed may be used for internal and external applications. Whether you need some new asphalt flooring installed or repairs to an existing asphalt floor Heritage Asphalt can help. bitumen, old adhesives, paint, grease, weak cement screeds, shutter release and curing agents, sealing compounds, etc. 25. allatt champion screeds 600a 3 piece screed part # description qty alternate oem# ala70001 screed plate 8ft 1 10347185 ala70290-1 screed ext. Will be difficult to use bitumen paint specially under the plaster, I think your best bet is to use hot bitumen pour which will fill in all the nooks and crannies. #2. Page 1 of 2Monolithic screeds should be laid within three hours of the concrete sub-floor being poured. Wet screeding should be programmed to allow sufficient drying out time before dry lining is to commence. Day 1: uplift old vinyl, clean floor, Arden NA floor, you can’t walk on it for a few hours. When it is expressed in the basic SI Unit of mass (kg/m 3), it is usually referred to as density, but when expressed in terms of. . Avoid pooling or puddling, thin coats are best! The product is a water-based, low odour and rapid drying product which seals and dustproofs, it is very easy to apply. Cement screed is the most commonly installed type of screed and averages around £12 per sqm. #2. The holes can be filled with a liquid bitumen or epoxy based floor filler. Once the condition of the bitumen residue is assessed, we would recommend the following products and processes. Bituminous membranes are perfect for waterproofing roofs, basements, below-ground structures, bridges and other structures. Aerated concrete slab (500 kg/m 3) 0. ALL FLOORING PRODUCTS. It provides a good, smooth, hard-wearing floor surface, making it popular in construction. Today, new solid floors are far more substantial, typically comprising 150mm of compacted hardcore, 50mm of sand, a polythene sheet DPM, 100mm of concrete, then around. Day 4: fit vinyl. sales@ardexaustralia. Unit Size Available: 20kg Powder 4. Moreover, concrete provides a more rigid and even surface for the tile installation. Adheres strongly to concrete, masonry and stone. ceramics I don’t know. Is asphalt floor screed a blast from the past? I'm Andy Parkin, Managing Director of the Multi-Award Winning Speed Screed. They are available in rear-extender and front-extender models. membrane is to be laid above the base level it can either be polyethene sheeting or at least 3 coats of cold-applied bitumen solution. Lee Toop. Definitions The following definitions are used in this document. When paving, the last point of contact between the paver and the final product is the screed. Arditex NA is a premium latex screed. SOPREMA’s bitumen roofing systems are BBA certified, impact and tear-resistant, and they are guaranteed to provide. Pouring hot bitumen is dangerous and need a lot of care, do a small bit at a time, you also have to keep an eye when heating bitumen as it will expand and rises very. 2. The new wall had screws put into the old foundation of the original wall. Lawrencez, Jan 7, 2021 #1 Wayners Screwfix Select Mine was thin bitumim and been down 30+ years under those asbestos tiles. DIYDave. A few floors were finished with wooden blocks laid in bitumen. There are two types of screeds - Bonded and Unbonded. Fixit Piditop 333 Dr. 3. Prime and smoothing compound then any LvT. r. Our tough asphalt repair products provide a heavy duty, hard wearing and long lasting repair. There was bumps and bad areas of patching that hadn't quite adhered properly. 4 litres of clean water. Dr. It provides a good, smooth, hard-wearing floor surface, making it popular in construction. Use latex slc, to max of 6mm - 10mm, for the first layer, allow to cure. It was laid towards the completion of the building prior to hanging the doors and fixing the skirtings. An easy-to-use floor levelling compound – just add water in correct quantity as directed, mixing with a suitable Mixing Paddle and Drill for a minimum of 2 minutes Absorbent surfaces – Concrete and sand/cement screeds must be primed with Setcrete™ Acrylic Primer diluted in the ratio of 1 part primer to 7 parts waterBituminous Membrane. My house was built 1950. The weep screed shall. Also available are crack and hole repair products, line marking paints and symbols, and garage floor paints. Mainly in one area only 1-2m2, so hoping I can just clean them off and re-glue with lecol 5500. All screeds and smoothing compounds all have have different slump ratios. Flexible – using asphalt floor screed takes away any worries about uneven settling and crack formation damaging the floor or the covering placed upon it. DIYDave. The use of a spiked roller can further improve the product performance. I'd like to take some time…Provided to YouTube by RCA/LegacyThese Eyes · The Guess WhoWheatfield Soul℗ Originally released 1968. Marley Tile Removal . Polyurethane Primer. Hope this helpsHowever, it was common practice to apply a layer of bitumen on top of the floor slab to stick down woodblock flooring or thermoplastic floor tiles, which acted as a basic DPM. SOPREMA’s bitumen roofing systems are BBA certified, impact and tear-resistant, and they are guaranteed to provide. Heidelberg Materials EasyFlow screed is a high-quality cement-based free-flowing material suitable for all internal domestic and commercial floors. 1300 788 780. Floor finishes should be applied with the correct adhesives, for example: bitumen rubber emulsion (in accordance with BS 8201) proprietary adhesives (assessed in accordance with Technical Requirement R3) in accordance with manufacturers' instructions. Screeds are typically bonded onto most concrete. Iam a floor layer with 25 five years experience. Moreover, the screed and LVT will prevent moisture evaporation, further exacerbating the problem. 3. However, when levelling timber floors, or screeds containing underfloor heating then only fibre-reinforced products are suitable i. SBR is more formally known as Styrene Butadiene Rubber. Where it is used over timber/plywood decks, a separating layer of Black Sheathing Felt will be required. For screeds up to 60mm a minimum 1. A flat board (screed board, floating screed) or a purpose-made aluminium tool used to smooth and to "true" materials like concrete, stucco and plaster after they have been placed on a surface or to assist in flattening;; A strip of plaster or wood. While blisters and bubbles may look similar (they’re unsightly either way!), their causes are quite different. FREE next day delivery available, free collection in. All Products. Quick drying (24 hours for light traffic) Excellent resistance to UV and weathering. Reviews. From the mid 1960s to the mid 1990s a typical concrete floor comprised a layer of hardcore, a polythene damp proof membrane laid on a thin bed of sand (to prevent puncturing), and a floor screed. g where the free standing cooker was) are all indicative that there wasn't parquet on the floors and that it isn't a DPM. No, You can’t directly apply traditional cement-based self-levelling compounds that you mix with water, on top of Bitumen. How to paint concrete floors to look like marble - Floor screeds even on a concrete slab are laid each time a developer has finished the sl. 2821 SW 23rd Terrace, Suite 1. I’m Andy Parkin, Managing Director of the Multi-Award Winning Speed Screed. There may be a minimum call out charge so you should check by speaking to a member of the team. Bitumen and asphalt pump; Semi-trailer floor-screed conveyor *Prices are pre-tax. From the mid 1960s to the mid 1990s a typical concrete floor comprised a layer of hardcore, a polythene damp proof membrane laid on a thin bed of sand (to prevent puncturing), and a floor screed. For a bagged liquid screed, ARDEX offer ARDEX A 70 GYPFLO. If that was the case it's easy to get up, as usually 9/10 times it's concrete underneath. Fixit Epoxy Floor Screed Dr. Fixit Novolac EP Dr. Whether you need some new asphalt flooring installed or repairs to an existing asphalt floor Heritage Asphalt can help. service@bostik. . Out of the 7sqm of floor i guess about 1. For problem floors, especially on refurbishment. A floor screed is usually a cementitious material made from a 1:3 or 1:4. #1. 00 (Ex VAT) New lower price. 1. Isocrete Isogran provides a strong wear resistant, heavy duty flooring suitable for store rooms, workshops, plant rooms, service areas in offices, hospitals, laundries, etc. Screed has three meanings in building construction: . Can be used with underfloor heating systems. It is probably a low content, eg. a. On absorbent surfaces, such as cement and sand screeds, it may be necessary to damp down the surface with water before applying ARDITEX NA ®, to help reduce suction and pinholes. Latexplan No Ammonia is suitable for levelling differences in thickness between 3mm to 10mm on new and existing substrates. It applies to all building types. September 08, 2023. Standard or Ultimate Tarmac asphalts. Ortigas Jr. 1. Essentially, there are two types of self-levelling compound. Rapid setting and quick-drying properties ensure the floor can be walked on in as little as 30 minutes, ensuring overnight and even same-day turnarounds. From £30. Fixit Pidipoxy MI-EP REPAIR Dr. The screed acts as an insulation between the tile adhesive and tacky bitumen. Im surprised the floors lasted that long 300 will fail over bitumen everytime. Make SBR / Slurry mix and paint over floor area (ensuring fully covering Bitumen adhesive) - leave to dry. we don't need a specialist. They exclude delivery charges and customs duties and do not include additional charges for installation or activation options. It is also a cheap floor like a mud floor, and it can only be adopted for the ground floor. Using a spirit level to check the level of a floor and measure thickness of screed required. 2 Option 2:. Which means it will be a waste of time putting a new floor down if the latexinflg/screed blows. Asphalt floor screed is made by combining specific bitumens and aggregates with limestone filler. There are many proprietary screeds on the market and information about these can be obtained from the manufacturer. ON AVERAGE: £20 – £40 PER SQM. Asphalt floor screed is also known as mastic asphalt has a multitude of applications. Prime and smoothing compound then any LvT. 26 galvanized sheet gage), corrosion-resistant weep screed or plastic weep screed, with a minimum vertical attachment flange of 3 1 / 2 inches (89 mm), shall be provided at or below the foundation plate line on exterior stud walls in accordance with ASTM C926. Spread evenly over the floor surface with a steel screeding trowel to give the required thickness. After extensive data collecting, we’ve found that the savings over the life of a chromium carbide screed is between $12,000 and $13,000, depending on the make of screed. There may be a minimum call out charge so you should check by speaking to a member of the team. sloping concrete screed (utilizing 12 - 20 mm baby chips) admixed with ZUPA Santulan Integral Waterproofing Compound @ 100 ml / bag of cement, ZUPAERA Carpet & Flooring International LLC. Density (kg/m 3) = Mass (kg)/Volume (m 3). Wickes are open, click and collect only, as are all the other ‘hardware’ type businesses. mechanically into the bitumen. Fast drying screed cost. In modern construction, , manufactured from bitumen modified with limestone fillers and specially graded aggregates. Shop our full repair range for cracks online at watco. you cant put the dpm directly on to the bitumen as. Floating Screed (Minimum thickness 75mm / 65mm for light loading) A levelling screed that is laid on a compressible layer such as thermal or sound insulating material should be at least 65mm thick or, if containing heating pipes a minimum of 75mm thick. Coverage: Approx 6 m at 3 mm thickness. It maintains and adjusts the temperature in both summer and winter. DIYDave. Thanks to high wear and chemical resistance, our industrial floors can. This means that, when the floor screed is mixed with water, it has a much smoother appearance than liquid concrete. Removal of the tiles is non-licensed work, ie. After extensive data collecting, we’ve found that the savings over the life of a chromium carbide screed is between $12,000 and $13,000, depending on the make of screed. The leading company in the building industry, with over 80 years of experience in adhesives, sealants & chemical products. Tidy up floor as best as possible, remove any loose materials etc. Theo Starie- Technical sales officer: 07816 197280. SCHOMBURG, the construction chemicals manufacturer from Detmold, develops, produces and markets system construction materials for the national and international market. Home Subfloor Preparation & Levelling. It is probably a low content, eg. MMA flooring has a unique chemical structure that allows for newly laid resin flooring systems to be fully serviceable. More Information. If it's going to be level and 2"-3" thick i don't see the need for SLC. I have attached a photo after removal. Apply sbr/cement slurry to remaining bitumen. Screeds above underfloor heating should not exceed 40m 2 with a maximum length of 8m. It may be applied onto either a solid in-situ concrete ground floor slab or onto a precast concrete floor unit. Watco's range of floor sealers; harden, protect, seal and dustproof floor surfaces. Bostik Screedmaster Ultimate should not be used over old tackifier or water. Blocks Aircrete, dense, aggregate, trench and concrete blocks for building. It works well in areas that need levelling and if there is a problem with insulation or damp and is a great. #1 Hi, for my living room floor theres about a 4-6 inch concrete base and on top of that theres about 20mm with some kind of screed, bitumen or asphalt hard. you cant put the dpm directly on to the. SCREED DEPTHS- HIGHFLOW S From 15mm bonded for TS15, 30 unbounded 35mm floating domestic (40mm commercial) 35mm UFH pipes with HTC FOOT TRAFFIC 24-48 hours SCREED SUPER POWERS Up to 2000m2 per day. then a liquid membrane goes over this called ardex dpm 1c. For the application of hot bitumen mastic the latter should be heated to 274F, so that it is easy to apply and penetrates well into all the cracks and irregularities. Flooring Options for Basement with Uneven Concrete Slab. Two parts, Solvent-free; Good flexibility, withstand micro cracks in concrete; Go to product. You can screed/self levelling compound over bitumen no problem- just 2 coats of SBR dIluted 1-4 with water over bitumen, allow to dry, pour SL. Concrete Repair. We have a specialist asphalt flooring team who can help you with all aspects of asphalt flooring. It may be applied onto either a solid in-situ concrete ground floor slab or onto a precast concrete floor unit. Purchase your next favourite publicationARDEX manufacture a range of award-winning latex-based and water-based self levelling & smoothing compounds for internal and external use. Use a roller, paint pad or brush to apply. The council workman laid a latex based screed over the floor. So that's dry cement whisked into neat SBR to form a thickish, but brushable mix. Asphalt paving repair contractors - Floor screeds even on a concrete slab are laid each time a developer has finished the slab concrete. I believe that what is on that floor is probably Marley (or similar) vinyl or linoleum tile. Suitable for use with underfloor heating and for encapsulating electric cable undertile heating systems. ~4 hours. If the floor slab or screed is less than 5mm out of level you can use a self-levelling flooring compound, or self levelling screed. laminate is ok. The old adhesive should of been removed. Ne. Prices vary from £161 - £170 for 40m². It removes differences in thickness from 1-10mm. Balconies, Walkways and Terraces; Podium Deck Flooring Solutions; Internal Flooring Solutions; Paving Solutions; Floor Components – Accessories. Fixit PU Plain Injection Dr. Having read the sticky threads regarding liquid DPM and self leveling for concrete, I have an understanding of what is. Floor finishes should be applied with the correct adhesives, for example: bitumen rubber emulsion (in accordance with BS 8201) proprietary adhesives (assessed in accordance with Technical Requirement R3) in accordance with manufacturers' instructions. . I have an early 1970s bungalow with concrete floor. For mastic asphalt, wood block and strip, and some textile floor coverings, a non-slip finish is appropriate, while thin sheet and tile floor coverings usually require a smoother, steel trowelled surface. uk. Typical applications are the protection of concrete floors and screeds against wear from traffic abrasion, as well as a. Between layers of smoothing compounds once the first coat is perfectly dry. Fixit Novolac TC Dr. R703. Technical Data. a. Screed (material) pumping truck. On ground floors they provideEM SCREEDS ( EAST MIDLANDS SCREEDS) is a specialist in liquid screeds perfect for getting your sub-flooring to a SR1 level standard in your garage, home or commercial properties ready for any carpet, LVT, tiles or resin flooring that you want putting in. If it's going to be level and 2"-3" thick i don't see the need for SLC. John Malone - Screed technical sales officer: 0797 760 5040. " It is wise to budget between £60-70/m2, plus the cost of labour. We provide excellent results through our liquid screeding and concrete flooring services. Bitumen floor screed is an eco-friendly, cost-effective and aesthetically pleasing flooring solution that has been gaining popularity in recent years. Building products Quality assured building products for. Anyway, I asked the council to send someone round to fix the floor. I intend to use a fast-drying screed mortar, and a friend who project manages largish construction work has advised that I include chicken wire mesh to provide support for what will be about. If u dont use the right primer the floor screed will blow under nieth eney flooring. If the floor is now dry and physically sound then yes, you should be fine with a breathable underlay and hessian backed carpet. Damp coming up through concrete floor. Ground-bearing concrete floor slabs should be protected against ground moisture by providing a continuous damp proof membrane (DPM). Hi Pete, I have the answer. Mastic Asphalt screed is manufactured from selected bitumen’s, limestone filler and specially graded aggregates. Our screed plates have proven themselves to last at least four times longer than the OEM screeds. It has been used as an adhesive. Coverage: Refer to product datasheet. May 6, 2007 #1 I've taken up some old thermoplastic floor tiles laid in the early 70's. LVTs like Karndean Amtico Moduleo etc yes. Polymer modified. Issuu Store. Quick-drying, flowable Calcium Sulphate Screed. May 6, 2007 #1 I've taken up some old thermoplastic floor tiles laid in the early 70's. #2. 5 ratio of cement to sharp sand. "Solid floor insulation could cost considerably more. This bitumen-friendly self-leveling compound is relatively easy to use and can be applied to many different types of flooring, including… Concrete, and Floor Screed; Ceramic,. Our calculator supports three mix ratios: 1:3, 1:4, and 1:5. BREEDONFlow® Swiftscreed is suitable for floating, bonded and un-bonded flooring systems, including most underfloor heating systems and all. Once you break through to concrete level an SDS brings it up in lumps. Mastic asphalt for Flooring Product Range; Mastic Asphalt Screed; By Application. Larger the hole the more liquid will evaporate and cause more slump. Mapei UK Official site. #1 Hi, I'm doing a kitchen modernisation in my ex-Council house which was built in 1947. Fixit Novolac EP Dr. Then use the correct screed. It can be used as a base for resin finishes. Prime the concrete part of the floor. 07545421044. Put simply, a screed is a hard coating flooring surface similar to concrete. Fixit Pidicrete WP 19 – 24 Dr. e. High strength surface bonding for wood, paper, veneers, stone, fabrics, plaster, concrete, renders and cement screed, plasterboard, wall coverings, bitumen, polystyrene tiles, painted surfaces, walls,. For all that are researching. Removing the laitance by sanding to provide a key for the primer and/or adhesive. It is also regularly installed in place of traditional screed for including: Tile and stone. Screeds should be laid to the specified. In his fourth lockdown video, our National Training Manager, Steve Davies welcomes us into his back garden where his concrete path needs levelling and resurf. Polyurethane Primer. ARDEX R 7 PP. 28 Jun 2008. Thanks to its waterproofing qualities, it is widely used in construction. I would prefer not to have to screed the whole floor. 85kg Latex Coverage: 5m2 at approximately 3mm thick. The bitumen mastic blocks shall be broken into pieces and then stocked in layers first round the sides and then inwards towards the center of the mixer. However, it makes a difference whether you apply the screed directly to the bitumen membrane or whether other layers follow in between. Hi Pete, I have the answer. There’s a bitumen layer on the screed which was used as tile adhesive (tiles no longer present), I’ve had this tested by a surveyor, this contains Chrysotile (white asbestos), which I read can be removed by non licensed contractors (but still have to operate under 2012 control of asbestos regulations). If the floor is now dry and physically sound then yes, you should be fine with a breathable underlay and hessian backed carpet. When covering the Sikafloor®-200 Level (ZA) always ensure the moisture content. ph@bostik. We have everything from epoxy repair mortars, flexible fillers, self-levelling screeds, emergency pipe repair kits and road repair products to ceramic pipe repair. The flooring screed is delivered ready-to-use so you are always sure that it is mixed correctly. info@speed-screed. Packaging: Primer G is available in 25, 10 and 5 kg drums and in 1 kg. Mastic asphalt screed has many advantages when. Mastic Asphalt Screed. Hardcores varied in quality - many have since proved to be totally unsuitable. Or + - 2mm over 3 meters. Trade levelling and smoothing compound, protein-free with low odour and high compressive strength. The DPM should: have sealed laps of at least 300mm wide. Removal of Asbestos Bitumen Glue & Adhesive: Cost + VAT. impossible to ensure a good bond between floor and screed or topping. Asphalt floor screed is also known as mastic asphalt has a multitude of applications. Part 6. Reinforced with ScreedMax Fibres or mesh. All screeds and smoothing compounds all have have different slump ratios. Floor Screeds Vermiculite floor screeds are widely used in single and multi-story buildings. Asphalt paving machine operator salary - Floor screeds even on a concrete slab are laid each time a developer has finished the slab concret. Asphalt paving equipment for sale - Floor screeds even on a concrete slab are laid each time a developer has finished the slab concrete. Latexplan No Ammonia is suitable for levelling differences in thickness between 3mm to 10mm on new and existing substrates. mumbai. 2. 1. You will only notice it when most of the damage is already done. At Rawlins Paints, we stock a wide range of asphalt, concrete and metal repair products to deal with damage to floors, walls, pipes, driveways and other surfaces. 5/5. Find your nearest reseller. Suitable to receive floor coverings after 4 hours. Subfloor Preparation & Levelling. com GuaraFLEX Mastic Asphalt Solutions An IntroductionFloor levelling compound is essential for creating a perfectly even surface for your tiles. , Ortigas Center, Pasig City 1600, PhilippinesWhat is asphalt flooring? Asphalt floor screed is made by combining specific bitumen's and aggregates with limestone filler. Option 1: Chemical Removal. Buy from a wide range of tarmac and asphalt paints, for driveways, forecourts, roads and car parks. Engineering News Online provides real time news reportage through originated written,video and audio material. Reinforced with ScreedMax Fibres or mesh. i try to keep up on new products and a company called ardex uk make a latex based levelling compound called (arditex na)that goes straight over bitumen to seal it. 2. . From basecoats and rollers to a range of levelling compounds, shop our floor levelling products from trusted brands. Asphalt Tarmac offers the widest range of asphalt and high-performance road surface solutions in the UK. A Tables of U-values and thermal conductivity 6. We have removed the wooden batons ,but we want to put down a new wooden floor. Suitable for cement/sand screeds containing underfloor heating systems; Unit Size Available: 6kg, 10kg, 25kg. I'm not convinced this is enough and so I was planning to ask he does the following. Fixit PU Plain Injection Dr. Self levelling floors screed compound from the DIY Doctor store. Furthermore, a number of special polyurethane products can be installed as insulation under poured-asphalt floor screed and withstand temperatures of +200°C without additional heat protection, or can be used for cold-temperature applications down to –180°C. Mastic asphalt screed has many advantages when compared to traditional screeds. 10mm thick and used as a floor levelling screed. SCREEDS SAND AND CEMENT Some types of sub-structure require a sand and cement screed to receive the asphalt. Asphalt is only suitable as a driveway base if it is at least between 2” and 4” thick for residences. Here at Flow Screed Servicing we. As it's technically tarmac i wouldn't see the need to. However, it was common practice to apply a layer of bitumen on top of the floor slab to stick down woodblock flooring or thermoplastic floor tiles, which acted as a basic DPM. Typical applications are the protection of concrete floors and screeds against wear from traffic abrasion, as well as a. Blocks Aircrete, dense, aggregate, trench and concrete blocks for building. Tiles came up very easily with zero bitumen attached. However, if the screed. 5 litres /m². Ground Floor - Most floors were concrete, often comprising a layer of hardcore (often industrial waste), a 100mm concrete slab and a granolithic screed covered with thermoplastic tiles bedded in bitumen (often with no separate DPM).